Assignment 2: Evaluate an Experimental Design

 

Introduction: Article Summary
Lakerveld, J., Bot, S., Nijpels, G., van Tulder, M., Kostense, P., Dekker, J., & Chinapaw, M. (2013). Motivational interviewing and problem solving treatment to reduce type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk in real life: A randomized controlled trial. International Journal Of Behavioral Nutrition And Physical Activity, 10doi:10.1186/1479-5868-10-47
This study assessed the effectiveness of a primary care based lifestyle intervention which was designed and implanted with an aim to reduce the estimated risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) mortality, and to motivate changes in lifestyle behaviors. The authors conducted a 12 –month parallel group randomized control trial in a study sample which consisted of 622 adult participants. Participants were randomly assigned to receive theory-based lifestyle intervention or existing healthcare brochure. Risks were calculated using formulas described in Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) and Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) studies. The results indicate that the mean calculated T2DM risk was 18,9% while the mean CVD mortality risk was 3,8%. The authors conclude that lifestyle interventions are as equally effective in reducing risk scores for T2DM and CVD and improving lifestyle behaviors as healthcare brochures.   
Research question, Hypothesis, Literature review
Research question
“The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a theory-based lifestyle intervention on the estimated risk of developing T2DM and CVD mortality in adults at risk, compared to providing written information only. A further aim was to assess the effects of the intervention on actual lifestyle behavior (physical activity, dietary behavior and smoking).”
The need for evidence-based approach in healthcare science is pushing researchers