Identify at Least Three Objective Findings From the Case Which Support the Chosen Diagnosis.

  Three objective findings support the diagnosis of COPD. The first is a decreased FEV1/FVC ratio that signals obstructive lung disease when tested positively in spirometry results (MacLeod et al., 2021). Second, the chest X-ray indicated the poor inflation of lungs with a flattened diaphragm, a common feature in COPD due to air trapping and lung over-expansion. Third, the physical examination shows wheezing upon forced exhalation and extended expiratory phase, characteristic signs of airway obstruction in COPD