Dukkha and its Role in Buddhist

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Dukkha and its Role in Buddhist
	The word Dukkha can be split into two words; Duh, which means foul, and kha, meaning, to the mouth. Dukkha can be interpreted as suffering. In Buddhism, Buddha focuses on explaining the origin and the ending of suffering (Robinson par. 2). He uses four noble truths: Cattari ariya-saccani; which identifies origin (parinneya), Samudaya; Diagnoses its causes and conditions (pahatabba), Nirodha; Cessation   (sacchikatabba) and Magga; prescription on cessation of suffering (bhavetabba).
	Its concept has three aspects; Normal sufferings, which cannot be avoided, such as illness (Dukkhadukkha), pain due to alternations, which is a failure of expectations, (Viparinama dukkha) and suffering due to environment changes (Sankhara dukkha). However, desire (tanha) is the main source of suffering (Christopher 3). Craving affects us in spite of being positive or negative. Craving can be for sensuality, existence, and non-existence and can be overcome by becoming selfless.
	For final eradication of dukkha, it calls for complete separation and destruction of the craving and it is a process with eightfold noble path; Cultivation of sila (moral group), Samadhi (concentrate) group, and panna (wisdom) group.
Daoism, Confucianism and Buddhism
	Most Chinese focus on creating a continuous stable society and have no interest in life after death. Confucianism is a set of belief developed by Confucius for communists. According to Christopher (46), his idea was more on virtues and learning. Rulers are to advocate harmony among the people. Daoism/ Taoism is a combination of various natural concepts to guide living, and it is everywhere in the world. Buddhism believes that all people should be selfless in order to live in harmony.
	Confucianism and Taoism came to be because of the destructions due to civil wars, and they were meant to bring peace and harmony from the highest political to the family level (Christopher 47). In China, socialism is encouraged, and this ends as capitalism with no position for Buddhism followers though they are seen going to worship in the temples. China always holds to their beliefs even today.
 In conclusion, Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism, prepares one on challenges to expect in their daily life, how to handle them, and how to avoid the negative impacts. However they all lead to the goal of accomplishing peace and harmony in the nation with one another.













Works Cited
Ford, Christopher A. The Mind of Empire: China's History and Modern Foreign Relations. 
Lexington, Ky: University Press of Kentucky, 2010.
Robinson, B. A. "Buddhism's core beliefs." About religious tolerance: the home page of the 	ReligiousTolerance.org web site. Ontario Consultants, 2006. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. 	.