Illegal immigrants have negatively affected the health and security departments in USA.

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Illegal immigrants have negatively affected the health and security departments in USA.
Improvement of the immigration laws is one of the key issues that face U.S. policymakers and politicians (The American Legion). The increase in the total number of illegal immigrants in the U.S. - from 5 million to 12 million immigrants-in the last ten years has raised concerns on the possible effects of illegal immigrants on public finance and health, and the likely security threats that can come up with such illegal entry into the country. According to Kenneth, this has led to complaints by the people to the government, over its lack of control along the borders. This prompted the Congress in 2010, to pass more measures, which helped to tighten the law enforcement along the U.S. – Mexico border, to reduce the movement of illegal migrants (66). It is also expected to approve other efforts which will mark a radical inclusive reform of immigration laws.
Hanson observed that before 2001, illegal immigrants were in an unofficial way allowed in USA, after which the government invested in ways of securing ports, airports and borders - such as the construction of a $1.2 billion, 700-mile fence along the U.S.-Mexico border (122). Key policies have been put in place targeting unauthorized immigrants and those who employ them.
Borjas noted that there has been no formal agreement on whether to convert illegal immigrants to legal ones or to turn them away at borders (53). This is because of the balance positive and economic consequences that immigrants come with, where the positive one seem to outweigh the negative ones. This is because illegal immigration has benefited most of the employers in the country with benefits, which the existing legal migration system does not favor. Illegal immigrants are a good pool for food processing industries, building and construction, agriculture, as well as, other low status jobs. This coincides with a period when the proportion of the native individuals in the labor market, with low skills born in US has dropped significantly (Boeri 79)
Kenneth argued that unauthorized immigrants respond to the prevailing market conditions at any one given time in a way that the legal ones do not which makes them more appealing to employers (88). Illegal influxes largely track economic performance with increases during the time of expansion and slow down during downturns. By contrast, legal inflows such as green cards, especially for low-skilled workers are insignificant and insensitive to economic conditions (Boeri 77).
Despite the above statements, he overall impact of illegal immigrants in the economy of U.S. is small. The greatest losers are the low-skilled native workers. U.S. employers are the main beneficiaries since they gain from low labor costs coupled with their ability to manage land, capital and technology in a more productive way. The illegal immigrants have high gains after migrating.
Policymakers are thus put in a tight angle to deal with this problem. Any new reform agenda should focus on the need prevent and to facilitate and influxes of low-skilled foreign workers. Such legislation would encompass two things: execution of mechanism designed to prevent unauthorized immigration and accommodation strategies which will seek to divert unauthorized influx by means of legal action such as legalization and expanded legal options for potential immigrants (Smith 34)
A positive immigration policy would seek to maximize productivity gains while at the same time controlling the fiscal costs and maintaining enforcement spending under containable levels. Generally, this means changing the inflows of illegal immigrants into legal ones. This would be through the provision of sufficient legal ways to immigrants by expanding the legal options and maintenance of reasonable enforcement laws. Borgas put it that allowing the influx to change with the economy for both immigrants and employers such as rewarding immigrants for their obedience by availing them a chance to seek legal permanence residence, would also add to the improvement of such a policy (122)
Smith observed that in terms of health care for immigrants, there has been unending debates on the need for  legislation to address the needs of the immigrants. Most of the immigrants, legal or illegal do not have health care insurance and face other problems in access to healthcare (105). The growing number of illegal immigrants has put pressure on the current system which is unsustainable and insufficient.
According to Boeri, one of the threats that illegal immigrants pose to the health department in U.S. are the possible transfer of contagious diseases since they do not undergo medical screening unlike for assurance purposes (93). This means there can be   an introduction of such disease which has already been done with by the country’s public health departments. His follows the evidence of such disease alon