Prudential Standards

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Topic: Prudential Standards
Paper Type: Coursework
Word Count: 900 words
Pages: 04 pages
Referencing Style: Oxford Referencing
Educational Level: Graduation
Prudential Standards
[Writer’s Name]
[Institute’s Name]
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Prudential Standards
The following standards apply to all approved individuals and firms.
Integrated Prudential Source Book: This set out the requirements for groups, insurers,
insurance companies and mortgage firms with their relation to Building societies, Banks and
account dealers. The general requirements cover the Capital, Market Risk, credit Risk, Insurance,
liquidity Risk and operational Risk.
GENPRU (General Prudential Source Book): The GENPRU relates to the Capital and
Application requirements for Building societies, Banks, Investment companies and Insurers. The
Application part covers the Financial resources, Penalties for damages and company’s valuation.
A firm should maintain liquidity and capital resources as to the quality and amount in
order to assure that liabilities will be repaid as they fall due. The liabilities include the firms
Prospective and contingent liabilities. The GENPRU rules restrict a person from right of action
as per the section 150 of Act. The valuation method provided by INSPRU and BIPRU includes
Marking to Model and Marking to Market. A firm should also maintain efficient system and
control to provide realistic estimates of valuation. The controls and systems should include the
documented procedures and policies valuation purpose. The timing for ending prices and
different sources of market information should also be disclosed.
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The FSA has set standard for minimum Capital requirement for companies. It also
provides a detailed analysis for assets & liabilities. The firms should also have systems in place
to monitor that whether it has sufficient capital resources to adhere with GENPRU requirements.

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Turner, C. (2008) FSA Financial Regulation: The Official Learning and Reference Manual (13th Edn), London,
Securities and Investment Institute
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An insurer should also comply with capital requirements in its long term business and general
insurance business. The Assets deployed in long term business cannot be utilised in meeting the
capital requirements, but only surplus Assets held under the general insurance business can be
used to meet the capital requirements its long term business. The revaluation gain is arising from
land & Buildings and unrealised gains resulting from Available for Sale assets are not classified
as permanent assets and hence excludes from contributing to capital requirement.
Prudential Sourcebook for Building Societies, Banks and Investment Groups: It deals with
the different types of Risk facing business such as Credit Risk, Market Risk, Operational Risk,
Counterparty Risk and liquidity standards.
The firm must adopt Risk management Process to ensure the mitigation of credit Risk.
These processes will include scenario analyses, residual risk reporting and stress tests. The firm
should calculate the Risk exposure amount through likelihood and expected loss amount. In the
case of Borrowing and lending transactions, the risk should be mitigated from the net amount
resulting from exposure. The BIPRU has set capital requirements for managing the operational
risk. A firm must calculate the interest rate PRR which spreads the risk from interest rate into the
loss from changing interest rates in the market and changing price of Debt Security.2
The firms
must hold sufficient liquid assets which are realisable or marketable. A firm might carry out the
netting exposure to reduce the counter party credit risk.
Prudential Sourcebook for Insurers (INSPRU): This principle is applied to insurers that is a
Treaty firm or EEA firm. This deals with the risk of natural uncertainties or the timing of
insurance payments. The credits obtain by companies for transference of Risk to the third party

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Prudential categories and Sub Categories, (2003)
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should be measured by complying with standards mentioned in INSPRU. During the Risk
transference to the third party, company should assess that whether reinsurance document affects
the economic value of transactions, whether it would raise the transaction costs to the firm,
whether the transaction involves any conditions or terms that is not in control of firm and would
the transaction be cancelled if the third party is facing a higher likelihood of Risk.
Prudential Sourcebook for Home Finance & Mortgage Firms and Insurance
Intermediaries (MIPRU): This section grants the permission to firms for carrying on Home
Financing and insurance business. The responsibility of firm’s Insurance mediation activity must
be directed to a senior member or the director of the company. The sole traders are exempted
from this requirement. The firm will not appoint non executive directors but a person should be
previously handling the governing function or the o